Research
We identify source and investigate behavior in the environment for chemical compounds by measuring the stable isotopic ratios in pesticides, suspended particulate matter, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and foods using stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry. The research theme in our laboratory is mainly divided to four as follows.
Topics 1
Source apportionment for aerosol using stable isotope ratio
We research source apportionment and environmental dynamics using carbon and nitrogen stable isotopic ratios in aerosol (suspended particulate matter). Suspended particulate matter is a composite of complicated compounds such as water-soluble ion, heavy metals, elemental carbon, organic carbon etc. In this study, we are developing new method for analyzing carbon stable isotope ratios in elemental carbon, and nitrogen stable isotopic ratios in ammonium and nitrate. From these studies, we estimate transcontinental pollution caused by coal burning (for heating) from China continues in winter. Recently, we investigate nitrogen isotope ratio in ammonium and nitrate using highly sensitive and accurate analysis using bacteria called denitrifying bacteria method.
I visited and was taught by Professor Keisuke Koba in Kyoto
University and Associate Professor Karen Casciotti in Stanford
University and was able to do it in Akita prefectural
university. In addition, we are conducting research in
collaboration with Malaysia and Bangladesh using these
methods.
- New Hiroto Kawashima*, Otoha Yoshida, Nana Suto (2023), Long-Term Source Apportionment of Ammonium in PM2.5 at a Suburban and a Rural Site Using Stable Nitrogen Isotopes, Environmental Science & Technology, vol.57(3), pp.1268-1277
- New Hiroto
Kawashima*, Otoha Yoshida, Khaled Shaifullah Joy, Rasel
Ahammed Raju, Kazi Naimul Islam, Farah Jeba, Abdus Salam
(2022), Sources identification of ammonium
in PM2.5 during monsoon season in Dhaka, Bangladesh, Science
of the Total Environment, vol.838, Article
number 156433
- New Nur Hidayah Norazman, Md Firoz Khan*, Sharanya Ramanathan, Syazwani Mustapa Kama Shah, Siti Jariani Mohd Jani, Khaled Shaifullah JoyKhaled Shaifullah Joy, Kazi Naimul Islam, Farah Jeba, Abdus Salam, Otoha Yoshida, and Hiroto Kawashima* (2021), Influence of Monsoonal Driving Factors on the Secondary Inorganic Aerosol over Ambient Air in Dhaka, ACS Earth and Space Chemistry, vol.5(9), 2517–2533
- New Nana Suto*, Hiroto Kawashima* (2021), Measurement report: Source characteristics of water-soluble organic carbon in PM2.5 at two sites in Japan, as assessed by long-term observation and stable carbon isotope ratio, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol.21(15), 11815-11828
- New Hiroto
Kawashima*, Otoha Yoshida, Nana Suto (2021), Ion‐exchange
resin and denitrification pretreatment for determining
δ15N‐NH4+, δ15N‐NO3‐, and δ18O‐NO3‐ values , Rapid
Communications in Mass Spectrometry, vol.6,
e9027, page 1-10
- New Hiroto
Kawashima*, Raiki Ogata, Takumi Gunji (2021), Laboratory-based
validation of a passive sampler for determination of the
nitrogen stable isotope ratio of ammonia gas, Atmospheric
Environment, Volume 245, 118009
- Hiroto Kawashima*, Sae Ono (2019), Nitrogen Isotope Fractionation from Ammonia Gas to Ammonium in Particulate Ammonium Chloride, Environmental Science & Technology, vol.53(18), pp.10629-10635
- Hiroto Kawashima* (2019), Seasonal
trends of the stable nitrogen isotope ratio in particulate
nitrogen compounds and their gaseous precursors in Akita,
Japan, Tellus B: Chemical and Physical
Meteorology, vol.71(1), pp.1-13
- Nana Suto, Hiroto Kawashima* (2018), Online wet oxidation/isotope ratio mass spectrometry method for determination of stable carbon isotope ratios of water-soluble organic carbon in particulate matter, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, vol.32, pp.1668-1674
- Nana Suto, Hiroto Kawashima* (2016), Global mapping of carbon isotope ratios in coal, Journal of Geochemical Exploration, vol.167, pp.12-1
- Hiroto Kawashima* (2014),Isotope Environmental Science - 2. Source identification using stable isotope - ,Journal of Japan Society for Atmospheric Environment,vol.49, pp.A47-A57
- Hiroto Kawashima*(2014),Formation mechanism and source apportionment of ammonium and nitrate ions in aerosol using nitrogen isotopes,Earozol Kenkyu,vol.29, pp.110-116
- Hiroto Kawashima*, Yuya Haneishi(2012), Effects of combustion emissions from the Eurasian continent in winter on seasonal δ13C of elemental carbon in aerosols in Japan, Atmospheric Environment, vol.46, pp.568-579
- Hiroto Kawashima*, Takahiro Kurahashi(2011), Inorganic ion and nitrogen isotopic compositions of atmospheric aerosols at Yurihonjo, Japan; Implications for nitrogen sources, Atmospheric Environment, vol 45, pp.6309-6316
Topics 2
Development of analytical method for stable isotope ratio using LC/IRMS
We develop new method to distinguish between domestic or
overseas production for pesticides and identification method
for pesticides in environment using stable isotope ratio . We
developed analytical method of stable isotope ratio in
pesticides using GC/IRMS under highly accuracy and precision.
We used this method in cases of methamidophos contamination of
frozen dumplings incident and malathion contamination
- New Momoka Suto, Hiroto Kawashima* (2022), Discrimination for sake brewing methods by compound specific isotope analysis and formation mechanism of organic acids in sake, Food Chemistry, vol.381, Article number 132295
- New Nana Suto*, Hiroto Kawashima* (2021), Measurement report: Source characteristics of water-soluble organic carbon in PM2.5 at two sites in Japan, as assessed by long-term observation and stable carbon isotope ratio, Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, vol.21(15), 11815-11828
- Momoka Suto, Hiroto Kawashima* (2020), Carbon isotope ratio of organic acids in sake and wine by solid-phase extraction combined with LC/IRMS, Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, page 1-9
- Momoka Suto, Hiroto Kawashima*, Yasunori Nakamura (2020), Determination of Organic Acids in Honey by Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Food Analytical Methods, page 1-9
- Momoka Suto, Hiroto Kawashima* (2019), Compound Specific Carbon Isotope Analysis in Sake by LC/IRMS and Brewers’ Alcohol Proportion, Scientific Reports, vol.9, Article number 17635
- Momoka Suto, Hiroto Kawashima*, Nana Suto (2019), Heart-cutting two-dimensional liquid chromatography combined with isotope ratio mass spectrometry for the determination of stable carbon isotope ratios of gluconic acid in honey, Journal of Chromatography A, vol.1608, Article number. 460421
- Hiroto Kawashima* (2019), Authenticity and Geographic Origin of Food Using Stable Isotope Ratios, Journal of the Mass Spectrometry Society of Japan, vol.67, pp.86-91
- Hiroto Kawashima*, Momoka Suto, Nana Suto (2019), Stable
carbon isotope ratios for organic acids in commercial honey
samples, Food Chemistry, vol.289, pp.49-55
- Nana Suto, Hiroto Kawashima* (2018), Online wet oxidation/isotope ratio mass spectrometry method for determination of stable carbon isotope ratios of water-soluble organic carbon in particulate matter, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, vol.32, pp.1668-1674
- Hiroto Kawashima*, Momoka Suto, Nana Suto (2018), Determination of carbon isotope ratios for honey samples by means of a liquid chromatography/isotope ratio mass spectrometry system coupled with a post‐column pump, Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, vol.32, pp.1271-1279
- Nana Suto, Hiroto Kawashima* (2015), Stable carbon isotope ratio for sugar, amino acid, and caffeine by liquid chromatography/isotope ratio mass spectrometry, Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, vol.13, pp.181-184
Topics 3
Source identification for pesticide using stable isotope ratio

We used this method in cases of methamidophos contamination of frozen dumplings incident and malathion contamination of frozen pizza incident in Japan. We can identify each product by using stable isotopic ratios of pesticides. Recently, LC/IRMS were developed. We are also analyzing the stable isotopic ratios in soluble pesticide.
- Hiroto Kawashima* (2018), Source identification for environmental compounds using stable isotope -Recent research using stable isotope ratio analysis of pesticide- , Japanese Journal of Pesticide Science, vol.43(2), pp.131-132
- Hiroto Kawashima*, Takuro Kariya (2017), Use of stable carbon isotope ratios to determine the source of cypermethrin in so-called natural plant extract formulations used for organic farming, Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies, vol.53, pp.70-79
- Nana Suto, Hiroto Kawashima* (2017), Classification of nine malathion emulsion samples by using carbon isotope ratios and the ratio of organic solvents, Science & Justice, vol.57, pp.1-5
- Hiroto Kawashima* (2015), The measurement of stable carbon isotope ratios of eight methamidophos samples, Journal of Forensics Science, Volume 60, Issue 5, Pages 1360–1364
- Hiroto Kawashima*, Yasuhiro Katayama(2010), Source
Evaluation of Diazinon using Stable Carbon Isotope Ratio,
Environmental Forensics, vol.11, pp.363-371
Topics 4
Source apportionment for VOCs using stable isotope ratio
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are consisted to complicated compounds such as benzene, which is a carcinogen, and toluene, which is a neurogenic substance. In this study, we developed analytical method for carbon and hydrogen stable isotope ratios in benzene and toluene in exhaust gas and ambient environment. We investigated the environmental dynamics of these components. Especially, benzene and toluene react and disappear by photochemical reaction, we investigate isotopic fractionation during that time.
- New Hiroto Kawashima*
(2022), Stable Carbon Isotope Ratio of
Volatile Organic Compounds in Air Using Solid-Phase
Microextraction Coupled with Chromatography, Combustion,
and Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry, Chromatographia,
vol.85, pp.871-881
- Hiroto Kawashima* (2015), The fractionation factors of hydrogen stable isotopes for VOCs, Procedia Earth and Planetary Science, vol.13, pp.185-188
- Hiroto Kawashima* (2014),Isotope Environmental Science - 2. Source identification using stable isotope - ,Journal of Japan Society for Atmospheric Environment,vol.49, pp.A47-A57
- Hiroto Kawashima*, Mai Murakami(2014), Measurement of the stable carbon isotope ratio of atmospheric volatile organic compounds using chromatography, combustion, and isotope ratio mass spectrometry coupled with thermal desorption, Atmospheric Environment, vol.89, pp.140-147
- Nami Kikuchi, Hiroto Kawashima* (2013), Hydrogen isotope analysis of benzene and toluene emitted from vehicles, Atmospheric Environment, vol.72, pp.151-158